Antonov AN-225: Can the world’s largest commercial plane ever fly again?

(CNN) — The images of the wrecked Antonov AN-225 are now an indelible memory for aviation enthusiasts worldwide.

But can the AN-225 ever fly again?

Answering that question firstly requires an assessment of the damage sustained by the aircraft.

CNN’s Vasco Cotovio has seen the wreckage up close, when he visited Hostomel airfield in early April, along with other CNN journalists and the Ukrainian National Police.

“Hostomel was the scene of intense fighting between Russian and Ukrainian forces since very early in the war,” he says.

The world’s biggest commercial airplane, the AN-225, was famous around the world.

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“Moscow’s forces tried to seize the airfield to use it as a forward operating position to which they could fly in additional land units. To do that, they mounted an air assault with attack helicopters.

“They seemed to have had some initial success, but the Ukrainian response was very quick, hitting the airfield fast and strong — to prevent any sort of landing,” he says.

The condition of the plane left no doubts regarding the possibility of a repair.

“The nose of the plane was completely destroyed, seemingly the victim of a direct artillery hit,” Cotovio says. “In addition to that, there was extensive damage to the wings and some of the engines. The tail end section was spared from any large impacts and has a few holes caused by either shrapnel or bullets.

“Had it not been for the direct hit on the nose, the AN-225 might have been repairable,” he says, adding that the area surrounding the plane was littered with spent ammunition, obliterated Russian tanks and trucks and destroyed armored vehicles.

A second coming

The AN-225 was created as part of the Soviet space program to carry the Soviet space shuttle “Burane” on its back.

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Andrii Sovenko, a Kyiv-based engineer and aviation expert who has worked for the Antonov Company since 1987 and has flown on the AN-225 as part of its technical crew, has compiled a detailed list of the damage, by looking at a large number of videos and pictures of the wreckage (Antonov personnel are not yet allowed back at Hostomel due to safety concerns).

He confirms that the center section of the fuselage and the nose of the plane — including the cockpit and the crew rest compartments — are destroyed, but it’s the plane’s onboard systems and equipment that received the most critical damage.

“Restoring them will be the hardest,” he says. “This is due to the fact that most of the various electrical systems, pumps and filters used on the AN-225 are all from the 1980s.

“They are simply no longer being made, so it’s unlikely that they can be restored exactly in the way they were,” he says.

It’s not all bad news: portions of the wings, including aerodynamic surfaces such as flaps and ailerons, appear to have suffered minor damage, and they could be salvageable.

Most of the six engines also seem intact, and the whole tail section of the plane is affected just by shrapnel damage, leaving it in acceptable condition.

The AN-225 sustained major damage during the battle for Hostomel airfield near Kyiv.

Genya Savilov/AFP/Getty Images

“It’s impossible to talk about the repair or restoration of this aircraft — we can only talk about the construction of another Mriya, using individual components that can be salvaged from the wreckage and combining them with those that were, back in the 1980s, intended for the construction of a second aircraft.”

“This is a completely finished fuselage, with a new center section already installed on it, as well as the load-carrying structure of the wings and the tail unit. In other words, almost a complete airframe. As far as I know, it was practically undamaged during the Russian artillery bombardment of the plant,” says Sovenko.

A new design

There is one main problem with the idea of building out the unused airframe with salvageable parts from Hostomel: it still won’t amount to 100% of the necessary components.

“It will be impossible to build exactly the same aircraft, with the exact same design and equipment,” Sovenko says. If that is the case, Antonov faces two hurdles: making new and old components work together…